Adaptation |
The process of adjustment to surroundings by animals and plants.
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Aerial Animals |
Animals which spend most of their time in the air.
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Amphibian |
Animals that live both on land and in water.
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Apparent Weight |
The weight of an object in water.
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Aquatic Plants |
Plants that grow in water.
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Arboreal Animals |
Animals which live on the trees.
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Atmosphere |
An envelop of air around the earth.
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Basalt |
An igneous rock formed by lava, cooling on the earth’s surface.
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Blood vessels |
Tubes that carry blood to different parts of the body.
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Body building foods |
Foods that help us to grow and become strong.
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Breathing |
The process of taking air into our lungs and releasing it out through nose or mouth.
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Breeze |
Gentle wind.
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Buds |
They are the parts of a plant which bloom into flowers.
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Buoyant Force |
The upward force acting on an object in a liquid.
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Carnivores |
Animals which eat the flesh of other animals.
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Carvan |
A house on wheels.
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Caterpillar |
Larva of a butterfly.
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Cereals |
Certain grass—like plants that produce grains that can be eaten.
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Cerebellum |
A part of brain that helps to control the movements during reflex action.
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Cerebrum |
The largest part of the brain.
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Chlorophyll |
Green pigment present in leaves.
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Claws |
A pointed horny nail on an animal’s or bird’s foot.
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Cleanliness |
The habit of staying clean.
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Climbers |
Weak plants that need support to remain erect and climb.
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Cloth |
Any material made from fibres.
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Clouds |
A visible mass of condensed water vapour floating in the atmosphere.
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Clouds |
A visible mass of condensed water vapour floating in the atmosphere.
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Compound |
Mater made up of different kinds of atoms combined in fixed numbers.
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Condensation |
Process in which water vapour changes into water on cooling.
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Constellation |
Group of stars arranged in an interesting pattern.
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Cooking |
The art or process by which food is made more digestible by heating.
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Creepers |
Weak plants that grow along the ground.
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Crown |
It is the part of a tooth above the gum.
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Decantation |
Gently pouring a clear liquid into another vessel after sedimentation.
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Deficiency Disease |
They are caused by lack of a particular vitamin or mineral.
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Dentine |
It is a layer below the enamel, made of tough tissues.
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Digestion |
It is a process by which the food we eat is changed into simple substances.
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Dispersal |
Scattering things over a wide area.
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Distillation |
Purification of water by changing it vapour by heating and cooling the vapour to obtain in pure water.
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Domestic Animals |
Animals kept at home or in farms.
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Downstroke
Movement
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The movement of wings downward and forward.
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Drainage |
A process or means of carrying off the waste water from the house.
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Dye |
A substance used for colouring.
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Earth |
Our own planet.
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Enamel |
The outermost, hardest substance of a tooth.
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Endangered |
Animals that are very few in numbers and may soon no longer exist.
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Energy |
Ability to do work.
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Energy giving foods |
Foods that give energy to work and play.
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Evaporation |
Process in which water changes into water vapour on heating.
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Exercise |
Any activity that makes our body healthy and strong.
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Exosphere |
The outermost layer of the atmosphere of the earth.
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Filtration |
Removing impurities through a filter paper.
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First-Aid |
Immediate help given to the victim or to the injured.
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Flightless Birds |
Birds which cannot fly.
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Floating Ribs |
Two pairs of lower ribs which are not attached to the breast bone.
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Flower |
The beautiful part of plant that produces seeds of fruits.
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Footpath |
It is a pavement or a path on the side of road where the people walk.
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Fracture |
A crack or break in a bone.
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Freezing |
Water turning into ice when cooled.
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Fruit |
The fleshy part of a plant that produces seeds.
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Gale |
Very strong wind.
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Gas |
A substance which does not have a fixed shape, fixed volume. It fills the entire space of the vessel.
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Gemstones |
Mineral commonly used to make jewellery.
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Geothermal Energy |
Energy from the earth.
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Germination |
The change of a seed to a plant.
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Germs |
Very small living things that can make us ill.
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Gills |
They are used by fish to breathe under water.
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Grains |
They are small, hard seeds. They are usually ground into flour to make bread.
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Green plants |
Plants that have chlorophyll in their leaves.
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Ground water |
Rainwater that seeps into the ground.
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Habitat |
The home or natural environment of a living thing.
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Hatching |
Emerging of young ones from eggs.
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Health |
Condition of a person’s body and mind.
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Herbivores |
Animals which eat plants.
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Herbs |
Small and weak plants.
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House |
A place where we live in.
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House boat |
A house on a boat.
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Igloo |
A house made of blocks of ice.
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Impurities |
Substance that make water unfit for consumption.
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Incubate |
Keeping eggs warm, usually by sitting on them.
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Insecticides |
They are chemicals used to destroy harmful insects on plants.
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Insectivorous Plants |
Plants which eat animals.
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Insects |
Small animals having six legs.
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Ionosphere |
The layer above the stratosphere which reflects radio waves back to the earth.
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Joint |
It is the place where two or more bones meet.
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Kilogram |
The standard unit of mass.
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Lava |
Molten rock that reaches the earth’s surface and flow out through a volcanic vent.
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Leaf |
The part that makes food for the plant.
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Ligaments |
Tough tissues by which the bones are held together.
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Liquid |
A substance which has a fixed volume but no fixed shape. It can flow.
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Litre |
The standard unit of volume.
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Living things |
Things which grow, feel, breathe, take food and move on their own.
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Machines |
They help us to do a job and can make our work easier. Machines can also do things for us that we cannot do ourselves.
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Maintenance |
The process of preserving.
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Mammals |
An animals that gives birth to young ones and nourishes them with milk.
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Matter |
Anything which takes up space.
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Medulla |
The brain stem which connects the brain to the spinal cord.
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Metre |
The standard unit of length.
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Microbes |
They are very small living organisms which can be seen only with a powerful microscope.
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Migration |
The movement of animals from one place to another to avoid the cold or to find food and water.
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Mineral |
Material of which rocks are made.
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Moon |
Looks like a big white ball which can be seen in the night sky.
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Motor Nerves |
The nerves which carry messages from the brain.
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Muscles |
Soft parts below the skin.
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Nest |
A bird’s home.
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Neurons |
The nerve cells which bind together to form a nerve.
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Non-living things |
Things which do not grow, feel, breathe, take food and move on their own.
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Nutrients |
Nourishing substances which help the body to grow.
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Nymphs |
Young ones of an insect resembling the parents.
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Omnivores |
Animals which eat both plants and animals.
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Optic Nerve |
A nerve at the back of the retina.
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Orbit |
It is the path followed by planets travelling around the sun.
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Pebbles |
Small pieces of rocks.
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Pet Animals |
Animals kept at home for our entertainment.
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Photosynthesis |
The process by which green plants make food with the help of chlorophyll, water, sunlight and carbon dioxide.
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Planets |
They are eight huge ball-shaped objects moving around the sun.
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Posture |
It is the position in which we hold our body.
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Potassium
permanganate
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It is a chemical substance used to kill germs in water.
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Preservation |
Preventing cooked or uncooked food from getting spoiled.
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Protective foods |
Foods that protect you from falling sick.
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Pull |
To draw an object towards oneself.
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Pulleys |
They are wheels used with ropes to lift things.
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Pulses |
Seeds of certain plants that can be eaten.
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Push |
To move a thing forward.
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Rainwater |
Water from rain.
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Reflex Action |
The automatic actions for which we do not think before acting.
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Reproduction |
Producing young one of their own kind the living being.
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Rest |
To sleep, to refresh our body.
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Ribs |
The long curved bones in the human body that form the rib cage.
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Rock |
Solid material that comprises the earth’s crust.
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Rodents |
Animals like rats, squirrels etc., which gnaw their foods
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Root |
The part that is under the ground and fixes the plants in the soil.
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Safety |
Staying away from harm.
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Safety Rules |
Rules which you must follow to keep yourself safe.
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Sanitation |
The system of disposal of sewage and refuse from the houses.
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Satellite |
Heavenly bodies which revolve around the planet.
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Scales |
They are thin overlapping plates, covering and protecting fish and reptiles.
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Scratching Birds |
Birds that can scratch the ground with their claws for food.
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Sedimentation |
Process in which the impurities settle down at the bottom.
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Sediments |
The particles (soil or rock) which settle down in water.
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Seed |
The part of the fruit that has a baby plant inside it.
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Seedling |
A small baby plant coming out of a seed.
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Sense organs |
Organs that help us to know the world around us. The five sense organs are skin, nose, eyes, ear and tongue.
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Sensory Nerves |
The nerves which are connected to the sense organs.
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Shadow |
Dark shape formed when an object blocks the light falling on it.
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Shelter |
A place giving protection from heat, cold, rain and enemies.
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Shrubs |
Small but strong plants.
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Siphon |
A ‘U’ shaped tube used to raise a liquid from a container at a higher level and deliver it to a lower level.
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Skeleton |
It is the framework of bones in the body.
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Slate |
A metamorphic rock which splits into thin slices.
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Sling |
A piece of long cloth or a bandage passing over the shoulder to support the fractured arm.
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Smoke |
Particles of gas give out when something burns.
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Soil Profile |
Sequence of layers of soil.
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Solar Energy |
Energy from the sun.
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Solar System |
The sun, eight planets and their moons together form our solar system.
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Solid |
A substance which keeps its shape and volume fixed.
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Space |
The place beyond the blanket of atmosphere.
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Splint |
A piece of cardboard or sheet of newspaper used to hold a broken bone in its right position.
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Stars |
The bright heavenly bodies that can be seen in the night sky.
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Steam |
Vapour is formed when water boils.
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Stem |
The main part of the plant above the ground from which leaves or flowers grow.
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Stilt Houses |
Wooden houses built on raised platforms with sloping roofs.
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Stomata |
Tiny openings lower side of the leaf.
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Storm |
Fast and strong wind.
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Stratosphere |
The layer above the troposphere.
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Sun |
A big hot ball of fire.
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Surface water |
Water in lakes, seas, ponds etc.
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Synthetic |
Artificial fibres produced by man.
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Talons |
Sharp claws of fish-eating birds.
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Teeth |
A set of enamel-coated hard bone structures in the jaws of human and animals.
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Temporary House |
A weak house made up of mud, straw, leaves etc.
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Tendons |
The strong fibres by which the muscles are attached to the bones.
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Tent |
A house made of cloth.
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Terrestrial Plants |
Plants that grow on land
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Thermometer |
An instrument used to measure temperature.
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Thorn |
The sharp pointed small part on the stem.
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Tides |
Rising and falling movements of the ocean water.
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Traffic Signal |
An automatic signal, controlling road traffic by coloured lights.
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Trees |
Big and strong plants
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Troposphere |
The lowest layer of atmosphere.
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Upstroke Movement |
The movement of wings upward and backward.
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Ventilation |
A provision which causes air circulation freely in a room.
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Veterinary Doctor |
A doctor which treats sick animals.
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Victim |
Someone who has been attacked or injured.
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Vitamins |
Chemical substances that are found in food. Our body needs them to stay healthy.
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Wading Birds |
Birds that can walk through shallow water.
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Water |
A precious natural resource
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Water Filter |
We use it at home to filter drinking water.
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Water Vapour |
It is formed when water gets heated.
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Weather |
Condition of the air at a particular time.
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Well |
A deep hole dug in the ground from which people get water.
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Wild Animals |
Animals that live in Jungles and forests.
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Wind |
Moving air.
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Wings |
Parts that help animals to fly.
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Wire-gauge |
A fine mesh of wires.
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Zebra Crossing |
Lines made on the road used for crossing the road safely.
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